Example Videos
CellChorus provides comprehensive, dynamic analysis of single cells. Other methods of studying cellular activity lack the ability to integrate dynamic cellular behavior with molecular behavior at the single‑cell level. The company’s TIMING™ (Time-lapse Imaging Microscopy in Nanowell Grids) platform applies visual AI to evaluate cell activation, killing and movement as a function of time in order to maximize our understanding of cellular function, state and phenotype.
The videos below show single wells from arrays of 1000s of wells. Data from assays may include motility, time to contact, duration of synapse, time to target cell death, cellular morphology, and cytokine secretion, as well as subcellular morphology and trafficking.
Contact and serial killing (oncology)
This video shows two individual wells from an array comprised of 1000s of wells. In each well, a CAR T cell ("effector" cell, GREEN) establishes contact with one or more "target" cells (RED). Upon cell death ("apoptosis"), the targets fluoresce and appear purple.
(See more information on this project in this summary.)
Proliferation (donor selection)
This video shows a single well from a chip comprised of 1000s of wells. This well shows a single T cell (RED) stimulated with anti-CD3/CD28 beads and recombinant IL-2. The video from each wells was analyzed to quantify (a) percent of proliferative cells, (b) individual cell cycle duration, and (c) number of doubling events by each clone—as well as motility and apoptotic events.
(See more information on this project in this abstract.)
Trogocytosis (oncology)
This video shows a single well from a chip comprised of 1000s of wells. In this well, there is two CAR T cells ("effector" cells, GREEN) and a cancer cell ("target" cells, ORANGE). Upon cell death ("apoptosis"), the targets fluoresce, which makes them look purple.
One of the CAR T cells exhibits trogocytosis, a biological process where cells transfer membrane fragments to each other.
Fratricide (oncology)
These two videos each show a single well from a chip comprised of 1000s of wells with natural killer (NK) cells. As a result of trogocytosis, the surface of CAR-NK cells can display the same tumor proteins that the CAR-NK cells are designed to recognized as “kill me” signals. Engineered CAR-NK cells can therefore begin to kill each other (fratricide), rendering CAR-NK cell therapy ineffective in patients.
(See more information on this project in this summary.)
Biomolecule Secretion (oncology)
This video shows an example of how the TIMING platform applies a functionalized bead (BLACK/BLUE) to characterize interferon gamma secretion from a CAR T cell (GREEN) in the presence of a target tumor cell (YELLOW) in each of two wells from 1000s of wells on a TIMING array. One CAR T cell is a killer T cell and one is a non-killer T cell.
Serial killing (infectious diseases)
This video shows a single well from a chip comprised of 1000s of wells. In this well, a T cell with specificity for the Spike protein (position 424-433) of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) from a recovered COVID-19 patient (“effector cell, GREEN) is shown exhibiting serial killing of target cells expressing the spike protein (YELLOW).
(See more information on this project in this summary.)